Alley Baggett Lips Cam

The GGE biplot is similar to the SEM biplot and can be extended with the use of the unscaled GGE biplot, Eq. 5. The unscaled GGE biplot of an environment in the genotype-by-environment interaction (GE) analysis is equivalent to its unscaled SEM biplot, in which the replicates are ignored, n = 1, and.

Thus, any environmental effect (E j, Eq. 3, 5) is explained similarly as SE j in the SEM biplot. From these relationships (Eqs. 12a and 12b, and Eqs. 4 and 6), we see that the vector length of an environment in the unscaled GGE biplot is positively associated with the experimental error and heritability in that environment. The coefficients, B j and C j, are smaller than the equivalent coefficients in the SEM biplot. We conclude that the GE biplot emphasizes the relevance of environment over genotype and that the dimension of the ordination space is enlarged by ignoring the n replicates of an environment.

Genotypic variance patterns across environments are also an important aspect to the GGE biplot analysis in comparison to the SEM biplot. While the SEM biplot is considered more conservative, namely, more sensitive to environmental effects, if the standard GGE biplot is considered more prone to overstate the relevance of an environment due to the limited number of genotype replicates, the unscaled GGE biplot may be more sensitive to detect the incongruence between G and E because of the enlarged dimension of the ordination space. d2c66b5586